Hinges for windows and doors



May 22, 1962 G. EMBERLAND 3,035,635

HINGES FOR WINDOWS AND DOORS Filed Feb. 2, 1959 Ia ml 5/ United States Patent 3,035,635 HINGES FOR WINDOWS AND DOORS Georg Emberland, Ytre Raelingen, Lillestrom, Norway Filed Feb. 2, 1959, Ser. No. 790,582 Claims priority, application Norway Apr. 10, 1958 8 Claims. ((31. 160213) This invention relates to window structures and hinges therefor.

It is an object of the invention to provide an improved sash structure and arrangement whereby the cleaning of the windows associated therewith is facilitated and access to the glass thereof is readily permitted.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved hinge structure especially adapted for use with the above noted window arrangement.

With respect to the window structure of the invention there is provided a pair of sashes hingeably connected and alternatively and selectively connectible to a sash frame whereby both of the sashes are individually supportable on the sash frame either separately or simultaneously.

The hinge contemplated by the invention involves the provision of first and second brackets. On one of these brackets are provided axially aligned sleeves which are spaced at a determinable distance. A pin is fixed in one of these sleeves and extends partially into the other of the sleeves to define w ith the latter a blind bore. A second pin is mounted laterally of the other of said brackets for engaging in the aforenoted blind bore. Furthermore, a hinge blade is provided on this latter bracket, the hinge blade having an open groove axially aligned with the second said pin and the open groove having a contour corresponding with that of the first said pin. This groove and the blade defining the same have an axial extent which is smaller than the distance between the first noted sleeves whereby to permit a displacement between said brackets.

Other objects and features of the invention will be pointed out in the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a hinge providing for permanent connection between two sashes as indicated above;

FIG. 2 illustrates a sash and sash frame arrangement provided in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates a detail for controlling the assembly of the sashes; and

FIG. 4 illustrates a hinge provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention for use in the Window assembly thereof.

The hinge with members or brackets 11 and 12 shown in FIG. 1 is intended to be used on a sash to which member 11 is fixed and which may be lifted and lowered for a short distance with respect to another sash or a sash frame to which member or bracket 12 is attached.

Members 11 and 12 are connected by the hinge pin 10, which is accommodated in corresponding sleeves 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17, whereof sleeves 13, 15 and 17 are arranged on the member 11, whereas sleeves 14, 16 are arranged on member 12. Between the sleeves 13 and 14, sleeves 14 and 15, sleeves 15 and 16 and finally between sleeves 16 and 17 is permitted a free motion in the direction of the pin axis. These free motions are suitably all of the same magnitude.

In FIG. 2 me shown two sashes 21 and 22. Also shown is a frame 18 which has abutments 19 for the inner sash 22 when the latter is swung about the special hinges 11, 12 into abutment with the sash 21 following which both of these sashes are swung to the left about the stop hinge 1, 2 into the frame opening 20.

3,035,635 Patented May. 22, 1962 The sash 21 is attached pivotally to the left hand side of frame 18 by means of two stop hinges 1, 2, whereof member 1 is on the frame and the other member 2 on the sash 21. The second sash 22 in the same manner is attached pivotahy to the frame 18 at the right by means of two stop hinges 1, 2 whereof member 1 is on the frame and member 2 on the sash.

In FIG. 2 only the sash 21 is shown as connected by its hinges to the frame. When the sash 22 is on its hinges on the frame 18, it will be possible to clean the glasses of the sashes 21 and 22. Then one sash, for instance sash 22, is loosened from its hinges 1, 2 as permitted by the special hinges 11, 12 of the sash, the sliding of the sleeves 14 and 16 taking place along the pin 10 without the sash 21 being disconnected from its hinges 1, 2 (FIG. 4).

The sash 22 may be swung around the sash 21 and the glass of same may be cleaned on the opposite side. Then the sash 22 is replaced on its hinges 1, 2 at the right. Next, the sash 21 after having been coupled free from its pins 1, 2 is swung in a similar manner and its glass cleaned on the opposite side.

In order to facilitate the lifting of the sashes 21 and 22 up and down on their hinges 1, 2, the mechanism shown in FIG. 3 may be used.

The lowermost portions 23 and 24, most remote from the frame 18, are hinged together at the bottom by the same type of hinge as that shown in FIG. 1.

The left hinge member is seen at 31 (FIG. 3) and the right hand member at 32. Member 31 has side sleeves 25 and 26, and member 32 has a side sleeve 27 for the hinge pin 28. The same axial free motion is provided between members 31 and 32 as in the hinge shown in FIG. 1, viz. between elements 25 and 27, and between elements 27 and 26.

On one side of the frame portion 23, however, preferably that which faces against the portion 24 of the sash 22, a lever is arranged which may be swung up and down upon a pin 33 projecting out from the side of portion 23. The exterior lever branch 30 is directed against the sash 22 and is connected pivotably with a small free motion by a fork '34 with a vertical pin 35, which is accommodated in a small sleeve 36 projecting laterally from the hinge member 32. The second lever branch 29 is directed inwards towards the frame 18 and has in its free end a handle 37, which is on the underside of the portion 23 of the sash.

When both sashes 21, 22 are mounted on their hinges 1, 2 and the handle 37 is pressed down, the lever branch 30 will lift the sash 22 on its hinges 1, 2 and 11, 12, so that this sash is disconnected from the frame 18 on the right and the glass may be cleaned on the exterior side.

However, if the handle 37, which is arranged loosely upon the pin 33, is moved with the lever branch 29 somewhat outwards to the right so that the handle is freed from the portion 23, the handle 37 may be lifted, ;whereby the sash 21 is disconnected from its stop hinges 1, 2 on the left on the frame 18 and the glass may be cleaned on its exterior side. In this manner one avoids the risk that both sashes 21, 22 are simultaneously disconnected from their stop hinges 1, 2.

The hole 38 in the lever 29, 30 for the pin 33 has the form of a horizontal slot 38 and the lever may be held fast in the middle position by being placed in engagement with a rest pin 39.

The reference 40 in FIG. 2 denotes depressions on the inside of the frame 18. These depressions serve to receive the hinge sleeves 6, 7 when the sashes are folded adjacent one another and pivoted about hinges 1 and 2 into the opening 20 of frame 18.

FIG. 4 illustrates a hinge particularly suitable for use with the structure illustrated in FIG. 2 to provide for detaching selectively the sashes 21 and 22 from the frame 18.

In FIG. 4 are illustrated the brackets 1 and 2 which are made of a suitable material such as metal.

On the bracket 1 is provided a sleeve 3 having a central bore in which is accommodated a pin 4, the pin having a spherical end surface to facilitate the insertion of the pin 4 in a sleeve as will be shown. Encircling the pin 4 is a conical elastic ring '9 the purpose of which will become hereinafter apparent.

Spaced axially from the sleeve 3 and mounted laterally on the bracket 1 is a hinge blade 5. This hinge blade is provided with a groove axially aligned with the pin 4, the groove being an open groove preferably occupying an extent of about 180.

On the bracket 2 is mounted a sleeve 6 provided with a bore aligned with the bore provided in a sleeve 7 also mounted on the bracket 2. A pin 8 is afiixed in the sleeve 6 and extends in part into the bore of sleeve 7 to define a blind bore with said sleeve. The blind bore is provided with a conical mouth 10 which is adapted to accommodate the elastic ring 9 noted above.

The sleeves 6 and 7 are spaced by a distance which is greater than the width or axial extent of the hinge blade on the bracket 1. This permits a displacement between brackets 1 and 2 so as to facilitate an engagement of the pin 4 in the bore of the sleeve 7 in order to seat the ring '9 in the conical mouth 10.

Preferably, when the brackets 1 and 2 are engaged with the ring 9 in the mouth 10 blade 5 is spaced from the sleeve 6.

By use of the bracket illustrated in FIG. 4 a ready detachment and engagement of sashes 21 and 22 is permitted with respect to the frame 18 so that the structural and functional advantages noted above are achieved in accordance with the invention.

There will now be obvious to those skilled in the art many modifications and variations of the structures set forth above. These modifications and variations will not however depart from the scope of the invention if they come within the definition of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A hinge comprising first and second brackets, axially aligned sleeves on one of said brackets, said sleeves being spaced by a determinable distance, a pin fixed in one of said sleeves and extending partially into the other of said sleeves todefine with the latter a blind bore, a second pin mounted laterally of the other of said brackets for engaging in said blind bore, and a hinge blade having an open groove axially aligned with said second pin and selectively engageable with the first said pin, said open groove having a contour corresponding with the first said pin, said groove and blade having an axial extent which is smaller than said distance to permit displacement between said brackets.

2. A hinge as claimed in claim 1, wherein said blind bore is provided with a conical mouth, comprising a conical elastic ring encircling said second pin and adapted to be received in said mouth.

3. A hinge as claimed in claim 2 wherein, with said ring in said mouth, the said one sleeve on the said one bracket is spaced from said blade.

4. An outwardly opening window comprising a pair of sashes including glasses, hinge means permanently coupling together adjacent edges of said sashes, said hinge means defining a pivotal axis and enabling the sashes to be moved relative to one another axially along said pivotal axis, a hinge member attached to each of the sashes at their opposite edges, a sash frame, and corresponding hinge members on said frame detachably engageable with the first said hinge members, each of said sashes being releasable from said frame with said sash axially displaced along the pivotal axis.

3. A window as claimed in claim 4 wherein the hinge means comprises a bracket on each of said adjacent edges, said brackets including sleeve portions, in interdigitated relation, a pin engaging said sleeve portions, said sleeve portions being of narrow length axially to enable the brackets to be moved relative to each other in the axial direction.

6. A window as claimed in claim 5, comprising a pin on one sash, a horizontal double lever turntable on the latter said pin, said lever including an exterior branch pivotally connected with the other sash beneath their permanently connecting hinges whereby the exterior lever branch by a tilting of the lever upon its pin selectively lifts and lowers said other sash relatively to the first said sash.

7. A window as claimed in claim 6, wherein said lever comprises a branch directed towards the sash frame, and releasable means to stop the tilting of the lever.

8. A window as claimed in claim 7, wherein the releasable means is a pin attached to one of the sashes and penetrating through a hole provided in said lever.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Re. v5,843 Hoadley Apr. 24, 1874 969,926 Wightrn-an Sept. 13, 1910 1,775,681 Marino Sept. 16, 1930 1,869,542 Chamberlain Aug. 2, 1932 2,839,779 Haag June 24, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 332,638 France May 30, 1903 474,190 France Nov. 7, 1914 193,855 Switzerland Jan, 17, 1938 

